Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) iron infusions are increasingly GP-led in Australia
(PBS-listed since 2014) — indications, PBS criteria, and the most common side effect,
hypophosphataemia (more likely with high/repeated doses, usually asymptomatic, can
persist 80–180 days). See Anaemia.
Pernicious anaemia remains under-recognised internationally per 2024 NICE
guidance — low threshold for testing/treating B12 deficiency in at-risk patients
(autoimmune disease, atrophic gastritis, unexplained neurological symptoms) rather
than waiting for a classic macrocytic anaemia, since neurological effects can precede
or occur without anaemia. See
B12 Deficiency / Pernicious Anaemia.
Andexanet alfa (Andexxa) received provisional TGA approval in July 2023 for
apixaban/rivaroxaban reversal, but that registration lapsed in May 2026 pending
confirmatory trial data — once again not routinely available in Australia;
Prothrombinex-based reversal remains the practical mainstay. See
Overdose of Anticoagulant.
CAR-T cell therapy and bispecific antibodies for relapsed/refractory ALL,
multiple myeloma, and aggressive B-cell NHL; venetoclax + azacitidine as standard
first-line therapy for older/unfit AML patients; BTK and BCL-2 inhibitors as CLL
first-line, largely superseding chemo-immunotherapy; gene therapy (Casgevy,
Lyfgenia — December 2023) as a curative option for sickle cell disease alongside
allogeneic stem cell transplant; TPO-receptor agonists as established second-line
ITP therapy; caplacizumab as an established TTP add-on. See the individual disease
pages for full detail.